Best Hospital For Cervical Cancer Treatment in India

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is the cancer that occurs in the cervix (vagina), which is the lowest part of women’s uterus. Cervical cancer develops when cells in the cervix begin to grow out of control and can then grow into nearby tissues or spread throughout the body. Cervical cancer takes years to develop. Uncontrollable growth and collection of cancerous cells leads to the formation of tumors. Some tumors are not cancer, because they cannot spread and are called benign tumors. The tumors that can spread throughout the body or affect tissues are considered cancer and are called malignant tumors. Cervical cancer is almost always caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Cervical cancer treatment hospitals in India lay down all the facts and figures about cervical cancer and its complications.

  Types of Cervical Cancer

 Squamous Cell Cancer

  Squamous cell cancer occurs in the skin-like cell called squamous, that covers the cervix. It is the most   common type of cervical cancer. It develops in the lining of the cervix. It is the most common type of cancer. Around, 70 to 80 percent of cervical cancers are squamous cell cancers.

 Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma is found in adenomatous cells that are scattered along the inside of the passageway that runs from the cervix to the womb. This is cancer of the endocervix - the inner area of the cervix. This develops from a glandular cell (a cell that makes mucus) within the cervical canal which becomes cancerous. This is less common type of cancer. About 10% to 20% of cervical cancers are adenocarcinomas. 

Cervical Cancer Treatments

Treatment of cervical cancer depends upon the type of cervical cancer and how far the cancerous cells are spread. After proper diagnosis of cervical cancer doctors recommend the treatment. Cervical cancer treatment hospitals in India have the best treatment facilities and low cost treatment is provided in top-class hospitals.

Surgery

Surgery is the common treatment for the women who have cervical cancer. Surgery is an option for women with Stage I or II cervical cancer. After surgery for cervical cancer you may feel tired and weak for a while. The time it takes to heal is different for each woman. Most women return to their normal activities within 4 to 8 weeks after surgery. One may have pain or discomfort for the first few days after surgery. Surgeons in cervical cancer surgery hospitals in India discuss the plan for pain relief with you as a health care team.

Radical Trachelectomy 

In trachelectomy only cervix is removed. Radical trachelectomy is an uncommon procedure and is often performed in young women with small tumor. This surgery is generally performed if the woman after the surgery wants to get pregnant. Radical trachelectomy preserves the ability of a woman to become pregnant. Some women with very early cervical cancer may decide with their surgeon to have only the cervix, part of the vagina, and the lymph nodes in the pelvis removed so they can get pregnant afterwards. After a trachelectomy, some women need to have a tube put into the bladder to drain urine. It usually can be removed a few days after surgery.

 Hysterectomy 

In hysterectomy uterus and cervix both are removed. Hysterectomy is of two types 

Total Hysterectomy 

In Total Hysterectomy, only cervix and uterus is removed.

Radical Hysterectomy
In Radical Hysterectomy, the uterus, about 2 cm of the upper vagina and the soft tissue around the cervix are removed. It also includes the removal of the lymph nodes. This surgery may affect bowel or bladder function due to damage to the nerves in this area.

Radiation Therapy | Prostate Cancer Treatment in India

Prostate cancer is a disease in which malignant cells form in the tissues of the prostate. The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It is about the size of a walnut and surrounds the urethra (the tube that empties urine from the bladder).
The prostate gland produces fluid that is one of the components of semen. Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin malignancy in men and is responsible for more deaths than any other cancer, except for lung cancer. Prevalence of prostate cancer is very high in the world - about 1 man in 6 will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime, but only 1 man in 34 will die of it.
Treatment options and prognosis depend on the stage of the cancer and the patient’s age and general health. With greater public awareness, early detection is on the rise and mortality rates are declining. Additionally, new advances in medical technology are enabling cancer patients to return to active and productive lives after their treatment.

Detection of Prostate Cancer
There are two primary methods used to initially detect abnormalities in the prostate that may be cancerous. The first is the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test. Prostate cancer can often be found early by testing the amount of prostate-specific antigen in your blood. Prostate cancer may also be found by a digital rectal examination (DRE). If you have yearly examinations and either one of these test results becomes abnormal, any cancer that you may have has probably been found at an early, more treatable stage

Prostate Cancer Treatments

Prostate cancer is a complex disease, and doctors may differ in their opinions regarding the best treatment options. The treatment of prostate cancer is complicated. Different men may choose to have different treatments compared to others with a similar type of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer treatment hospitals in India provide the best treatment after discussing what is most suitable for your case.

 

Surgery

Surgery is the most common treatment of prostate cancer if the cancer is not spread to the other parts of the body. Prostate cancer surgery hospitals in India have the most effective and fairly economical.

Radiotherapy

In radiation therapy, radio high energy to kill cancerous cells. Radiotherapy can be used as an initial treatment for low-grade cancer that has not grown out of the prostate gland. Radiotherapy can also be used to slow the progression of metastatic prostate cancer or to reduce the size of tumor and relieve symptoms. Radiotherapy is also performed if the cancer has come back. It is done in short sessions for five days a week, for four to eight weeks.

External Radiation Therapy

In external radiation, beams of radiation are focused on the prostate gland from a machine outside the body. External radiation is used to cure early stage cancers, or to help relieve symptoms such as bone pain if the cancer has spread to a specific area of bone. In prostate cancer treatment hospitals in India, doctors carefully figure out the exact dose of radiation needed and aim the beams as accurately as they can to hit the carefully outlined target.

Internal Radiation Therapy

In Internal Radiation Therapy, small radioactive pellets, or "seeds," each about the size of a grain of rice are used to treat cancerous cells. These pellets are placed directly into prostate. Brachytherapy is used in men with early stage prostate cancer that is slow growing. This method has the advantage of delivering a high dose of radiation to the prostate, while minimizing damage to other tissues.

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Blood Cancer Symptoms & Treatment - Blood Cancer Treatment In India

Blood Cancer Treatment

Cancerous formation can attack any organic system of the human physiology. As part of blood cancer, the rapidly multiplying cancerous cells are found attacking the different aspects of the circulatory system. Besides blood and the lymphatic system; the bone marrow can also be the focus of attack.

Types of Leukaemia :

The Leukaemia can be grouped based on how quickly the disease develops and gets worse and thus divided into two types : Acute Leukaemia : the rapid increase of immature blood cells is known as acute leukaemia. This accumulation of excessive immature blood cells hinders the reproduction of healthy blood cells by the bone marrow resulting into the stage of blood cancer. This form of leukaemia occurs in children and young adults mainly. This rapid reproduction therefore requires immediate treatment else it spills over into bloodstream and spreads to the other healthy organs of the body. This is most severe form of blood cancer. Chronic Leukaemia : The excessive formulation of comparatively mature, but still abnormal blood cells in human body is characterised as chronic leukaemia. These cells reproduces at much higher speed than normal cells which results into formulation of many immature blood cells in the blood. It comparative affects the old age people than the young. The chronic leukaemia at times is monitored for before prescribing the treatment. The chronic type of leukaemia can easily be diagnosed during routine medical check up.

Symptoms of Blood Cancer :

In the case of blood cancer the bone marrow is damaged, which results into lack of blood platelets. These blood platelets are important for the process of blood clotting therefore in the patients suffering from blood cancer becoming bruised; bleeding excessively or developing pinprick bleeds are common features. Other main symptoms of the disease include : These symptoms include fever, chills, night sweats. Headaches Vomiting Loss of muscle control Swollen or bleeding gums Enlarged liver Infections frequently Pain in the bones Swollen tonsils Paleness Extreme weight loss The different stages of blood cancer Depends on the rate of metastasis. There are different yards sticks to distinguish blood cancer into different stages according to the symptoms of prognosis and rate of metastasis. Four different phases of chronic leukemia. The first phase is marked by an enlarged presence of lymph nodes. This happens owing to the spurt in the count of lymphocytes. The risk level at this stage is intermediate because at this stage of prognosis, the cancer is yet to spread and affect other physical organs. The second stage is marked by the enlarged presence of spleen as well as liver; in addition to that of the lymph nodes. If not both the organs, at least one of them apart from lymph nodes is affected at the second stage. There is a massive swing in the growth of lymphocytes. The risk level is still moderate. The next stage or the third stage is marked by the development of anemia. The aforementioned organs are still likely to remain swollen. In general two or more organs are likely to be affected at the third stage of cancerous development.

Treatment of Blood Cancer :

The choice of treatment depends mainly on the following factors: The type of leukemia (acute or chronic) Patient's age Whether leukemia cells were found in your cerebrospinal fluid Blood cancer is rather a cluster of cancers developed in the blood cells and therefore the patients with leukaemia requires special treatment. The special cancer centres can only meet those special needs. The treatment of blood cancer is a complete program which the patients have to follow in order to achieve best results. These include : Chemotherapy : This is the first method to destroy those leukaemic cells by the usage of anti cancer drugs. Interferon therapy : This is effective to slow down the rate of reproduction of the leukaemic cells and helps the immune system to build sufficient anti- leukaemia activity. Radiation therapy : This therapy is effective to kill cancer cells with the process of exposure to high-energy radiations. Stem Cell Transplantation : This procedure is required in order to enable treatment with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgery :  The surgery is performed for the removal of an enlarged spleen or to install a venous access device to give medications and withdraw blood samples.

Understanding Glioblastoma - Advanced Brain Tumor Surgery in India

Ever heard of gliomas? These primary brain tumors arise within the brain, but we don't know the cell of origin.There are multiple grades of gliomas -- grade II, III and IV, with grade IV being the most malignant. 

Grade IV tumors are called glioblastoma. They are the most aggressive and are very infiltrative - they spread into other parts of the brain quickly. Glioblastomas don't metastasize outside of the brain.  Glioblastomas can occur in any lobe of the brain and even the brain stem and cerebellum, but more commonly occur in the frontal and temporal lobes. Below, I've answered some common questions I get about glioblastoma.

Are there any known causes or risks factors for glioblastoma?

 Glioblastoma are more common in males, persons older than 50, and people of Caucasian or Asian ethnicity.  There are a few very rare familial syndromes that are associated with brain tumors. One of the only known risk factors that we have for brain tumors is radiation exposure.

What are common symptoms of glioblastoma? 

 The symptoms for any brain tumor are related to the locations from where the brain tumor originates and the rate of tumor growth. Symptoms can vary widely. Some are silent and only found incidentally when a brain scan is done for another reason.  

The most common symptoms include headaches, nausea, vomiting and seizures. Tumors frequently cause subtle personality changes and memory loss or, again, depending on location, muscle weakness and disturbances in speech and language.  

 How is a glioblastoma diagnosed? 

 Most patients with glioblastoma undergo a CT scan, followed by MRI. The actual pathological diagnosis has to be made at the time of surgery (tissue is removed and examined by a neuropathologist). 

What are the treatment options for a glioblastoma? And why, typically, is it hard to treat? 

 The standard treatment for glioblastomas is maximal safe resection (surgery), followed by concurrent radiation and an oral chemotherapy called temolozomide over a 6-week period. Upon completion of radiation, 6-12 cycles of adjuvant temolozomide are given to the patient five days in a row every four weeks. 

Glioblastomas are not surgically curable, but there is good evidence that the more tumor that can be removed, the better the prognosis. The radiation and chemotherapy are designed to target the infiltrative component of the glioblastoma and delay tumor progression. 

What advice would you give someone who has just been diagnosed with a glioblastoma?

One of the most important things that you can do is to seek care or even a second opinion by people that spend all of their time treating this disease. Glioblastoma is a very complicated disease. There are a lot of nuances to both the diagnosis and the treatment, and you want an expert to help you work through the treatment process. 

Also look for a physician who will give you the undivided time and attention you deserve. Your doctor shouldn't be rushing through your visit. I talk to patients about their diagnosis, explain to them all the aspects of the treatment as well as the impact of the tumor on their quality of life. I also spend as much time answering questions as the patient requires. 

Most Advanced  & Latest: Brain Cancer Tumor Treatment in India
For Brain tumor treatments; our hospitals have the multidisciplinary team of Neurologists, Neuro-oncologists, surgical oncologists (Head & Neck unit), Medical oncologists, Radiation Oncologists, Onco-pathologists and neuropsychologists and other Specialists.

There are three main types of treatment approaches for brain tumor:

• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy (radiation therapy)

Multi – Disciplinary treatment approaches performed at our world class Hospitals Brain Cancer Tumor Treatment in India

• Brain Suite– latest advancement in image-guided surgery, providing real-time views of the tumor site with intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (IMRI)
• Trans-Nasal Endoscopic – Advanced surgical treatment options for the management of brain tumors and lesion
• Stereotactic Radiosurgery- Advanced imaging technologies to destroy the tumor and achieve permanent local control.
• Tumor Embolization using Neuro Interventional Radiology.
• Endoscopic Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery.

Latest Treatments – Leukemia Treatment in India at Best Cancer Hospital

Leukemia is cancer of the blood cells. Most blood cells form in the bone marrow. In leukemia, cancerous blood cells form and crowd out the healthy blood cells in the bone marrow. The type of leukemia depends on the type of blood cell that has become cancerous. For example, acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a cancer of the lymphoblasts (white blood cells that fight infection). White blood cells are the most common type of blood cell to become cancer. But red blood cells (cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body) and platelets (cells that clot the blood) may also become cancer.

Leukemia occurs most often in adults older than 55 years, and it is the most common cancer in children younger than 15 years.

Leukemia is either acute or chronic. Acute leukemia is a fast-growing cancer that usually gets worse quickly. Chronic leukemia is a slower-growing cancer that gets worse slowly over time. The treatment and prognosis for leukemia depend on the type of blood cell affected and whether the leukemia is acute or chronic. Chemotherapy is often used to treat leukemia.

Symptoms

The symptoms of leukemia depend on the severity of the cancer. However, the general symptoms are fevers & night sweats, bone pain, unusually frequent infections, bleeding from the rectum or gums, bruising of the skin, swelling in the belly, radiating pain in left shoulder, pain in the left of the belly and weight loss with decreased appetite.

Risk Factors

The risk factors of the leukemia will be increased with the usage of tobacco, smoking, more radiation, exposing to certain chemicals and sometimes also past chemotherapy treatment taken for another cancer.

Types 1. Acute Leukemia

The immature blood cells are rapidly increased to cause the acute leukemia. Such excess cells make the production of the healthy blood cells to be impossible by the bone marrow. Since the malignant cells are rapidly progressing and accumulated, immediate treatment should be given. Otherwise, there will be chances of spreading to the other organs of the body, through splitting over into the bloodstream. It is the most common type of leukemia found in the children.

2. Chronic Leukemia

The blood cells, which are relatively mature, but grown abnormally and become excessive, cause the chronic leukemia. It takes a long time like months and years to grow. The chronic forms are to be monitored before attempting to go for the treatment so that the maximum effectiveness of the therapy can be ensured. It generally occurs in older people, however, technically it is possible to attack anyone of any age. There are no symptoms experienced in the beginning. When it gets severe, infections or swollen lymph nodes are experienced.

Diagnosis

There are multiple diagnostic methods to identify the leukemia.

1. Physical Exam
The swollen lymph nodes, liver and spleen are physically checked by the doctor. 2. Spinal Tap

Cerebrospinal fluid is removed in small amounts by the doctor. This is the fluid that fills the spaces found in and around the spinal cord and brain. A thin and long needle is used to remove this fluid taken from the lower spine. The fluid is then
examined in the lab to find the other signs of the problem.

3. Blood tests

Blood tests are conducted in the lab to check the number of red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells from the sample blood. Since the white blood cells are in high level and eventually, the count of hemoglobin and platelets will be decreased in the red blood cells.

Biopsy: In this process, a small tissue with the cancer is removed from the body for the
check up. This process ensures the infected leukemia. Local anesthesia is given to the organ in order to numb that area.

Bone Marrow Biopsy: A needle, which is thick and hollow, is used to remove the bone marrow and bone in small pieces.

Bone Marrow Aspiration: a very thick and hollow needle is used to remove the same small pieces of bone or bone marrow.

4. Chest X-ray

Chest X-ray helps to view the lymph nodes that are swollen along with the other signs of related disease in the chest.

5. Cytogenetics

In this diagnosis process, a sample of bone marrow, lymph nodes and blood are taken to look at its chromosomes of the cells. The variation and abnormalities in these chromosomes can show the type of the leukemia that patient has.

Leukemia Treatment in India at Best Cancer Hospital

1.  Stem Cell Transplant

The stem cell transplant treats the leukemia, using high dose of radiation or drugs and sometimes both of them. The stem cells are to be taken from the donor, when there is a close math of the bone marrow of the donor and patient. It is necessary to take before, as the high dose kills the leukemia cells as well as the normal blood cells. So, right after the chemotherapy, the stem cells collected from the donor will be put back into the blood. The new blood cells are produced by the stem cells within a few weeks of time.

2. Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy targets only the cancer causing cells through the usage of the drugs, still not damaging the healthy cells. Cancer growth inhibitors are one kind of this therapy.

3.     Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is the usage of the drugs to destroy the cancer cells. These drugs can be given by the pills or injection to interfere, the cancer cells’ growth ability. However, they also tend to damage the healthy cells to some extent. And these damaged healthier cells can be recovered over a period of time. It may cause the side effects like vomiting, fatigue, hair loss, nausea, increased risk of infection and loss of appetite.

4.     Biological therapy

Biological therapy makes use of the built-in immune system to enable it to fight against the cancer or sometimes also implemented to control the side effects caused from the other cancer treatments. The body’s defenses are boosted up using the drugs or normal body substances to fight against the illness.

5.     Radiation therapy

High doses of radiation like X-rays are used to destroy the cancer cells in this treatment.

Liver Cancer Treatment India | Liver Cancer Hospitals in India

The liver is the main organ inside the body. It lies just below your ribs and right lung. The liver is generally made up of cells called hepatocytes. It is also made up of other forms of cells. They make bigger when harmful cells produce and increase in the liver than it results in liver cancer.

What are the Types of Liver Cancer?

There are two types of liver cancer: -

Primary Liver Cancer: - Primary liver cancer is one of the less common cancers in Victoria with about 260 people diagnosed each year. It is more common in men and people aged over 65 years. Most primary liver cancers start in liver cells (hepatocellular carcinoma); others start in a bile duct (cholangiocarcinoma). 

In the Western world, most people who develop primary liver cancer also have cirrhosis of the liver. This is scarring of the liver due to causes including heavy alcohol drinking over a long period of time. However, only a small number of people who have cirrhosis of the liver develop primary liver cancer. Infection with hepatitis B, C or D can also increase the risk of cirrhosis and, later, primary liver cancer.

Hepatocellular Cancer: - This is the most widespreadtype of liver cancer in adults. It is also called hepatoma.Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) can have diverse developmentsamples. 

Somestart as a single cancer that developsbigger. Onlydelayed in the disease it extends to other parts of the liver.This is seen most often in people with constant liver damage.

Intrahepatic cholangio carcinoma (bile duct cancer): -These cancers found in the cells that line thetiny tubes that take bile to thegallbladder within the liver. 

Angio sarcoma and hemangio sarcoma cancer: -These are exceptional cancers that start in cells lining the blood vessels of the liver. These cancersriserapidly and are generally toowidespread to be detached surgically by the timethey are originated. 

Hepatoblastoma Cancer: - This is a extremelyexceptional form of cancer that increases in children, generally in those younger than 4 yearsold.

Secondary liver cancer: - Most of the time when cancer is creates in theliver it did not start there but has metastasized from somewhere else in the body, such as the pancreas, colon, abdomen, breast, orlung. Because this cancer has increase from its primary site, it is a secondary livercancer.

Signs & Symptoms of Liver Cancer: -

Liver cancer frequently does not confirm until thelater stages of the disease, but from time to time theyshow up earlier. If you go to your doctorwhen you first observe symptoms, your cancermight be diagnosed earlier, when treatment ishelpful. 

Some of the most ordinary symptoms of liver cancer are:

     Weight loss without any effort
     Loss of hunger
     Feeling very full after a little meal

     Sickness or vomiting
     Abloated liver, felt as a mass below the ribson the right side
     Adistendedirritation, felt as a mass below the ribson the left side
     Pain in the stomach or near the right shoulderblade
     Growth or liquidincrease in the stomach Itching.
     Jaundice.


Some liver cancerscreate hormones that perform onorgans other than the liver. These hormones maycause:

Hypercalcemia, whichcan cause sickness, disorientation, obstruction, pronenessn, or muscle problems

      
      Hypoglycemia, whichcan cause tiredness or lose of consciousness.

      Breast expansion and reduction of the testicles in men

 
      Large number of erythrocytosis which can cause someone to look red and aroused.

      Eminent cholesterol levels

If you are suffering from any of these trouble, it′s important to see your doctor right away so the cause can be found andchecked, if required.

What are risk factors of liver cancer?

A risk determinant is everything thing that influences your chanceof getting a affliction, such as cancer. Differentcancers have dissimilar risk determinants. Some riskfactors, like smoking, can be reciprocated.

There are various risk factors: -

Gender : - Hepatocellular carcinoma isordinary in males than in females. Much of this is apparently because of behavior of conducting.

Chronic viral hepatitis : - The most usual risk determinant for livercancer is long-termcontamination withhepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus(HCV).

Cirrhosis : -Cirrhosis is a infection in which liver cells become busted and are retriened by scar tissue.

Abundant alcohol use : - Alcohol abuse is a preeminant reason of cirrhosis in the United States, which in turn is related with anincreased danger of liver cancer.

Chubbiness : - Being overweightraises the danger of growing liver cancer. This is apparentlybecause it can result in fatty liver infection.


Infection with parasites : -Infection with the parasite that results schistosomiasis can cause liver damage and is related to liver cancer.


Tobacco use : - Smoking raises the risk of getting livercancer. Former smokers have a lesser risk than contemporary smokers, but both groups have a greater danger than those who never smoked.


Birth control pills : - Inexceptional cases, birth ascedancy dose, also known asoral birth control method, can cause amiable cancers called hepatic adenomas.


How is liver cancer diagnosed?

Physical analysis helps in deciding symptoms that may express the existence of liver cancer. Some of the other examinations that are performed identifying liver cancer contain : -

Laparoscopy : - The blood tests also include liver adjuvants and a serum antioxin test.

Angiogram : - The dose of a pigment is complete into an avenue that shows tumor and liver tissues.

Ultrasound : -Immense abudance sound waves from the body are transmitted by this method.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) : - A computer, extensiveallurement and radio waves are created in this test that offers clear image of the human body.

CT Scan : - This test also gives explained images of the organs.

How Is Liver Cancer Treated ?
 

Transplant: For some patients a liver transplant may be an option, but only if the cancer has not spread to other organs and a suitable liver can be found. 

Surgery: In cases where the cancer has been found early and the liver is otherwise healthy, or has only early-stage cirrhosis, doctors will remove the portion of the liver where the tumor is located, a process called surgical resection. 

Cryosurgery (also called cryotherapy): This is the use of extreme cold produced by liquid nitrogen (or argon gas) to destroy abnormal tissue. 

Ablation: Some liver tumors can be destroyed by processes called ablation. Radio frequency ablation kills liver tumors by heating them to high temperatures with microwave probes. Another ablation technique destroys tumors by injecting them with ethanol, a form of alcohol. 

Chemotherapy: Although chemotherapy cannot cure liver cancer, a new technique called transarterial chemoembolization may help prolong life for liver cancer patients. In this procedure, chemotherapy drugs are injected into the blood vessels that feed the tumors. This delivers a high dose of chemotherapy to the tumor while decreasing the flow of blood that feeds the tumor. 

Radiation therapy: In some cases, doctors may try to reduce the size or slow the growth of liver cancer with radiation, or high-energy x-rays. Traditional radiation therapy also destroys healthy liver tissue, so doctors are experimenting with new techniques that deliver the radiation with higher precision.